FluorPen FP 110 Portable battery powered PAM fluorometer

FluorPen FP 110 is a portable, battery-powered PAM fluorometer that enables quick and precise measurement of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters in the laboratory, greenhouse, or in the field. It can be effectively used for studying photosynthetic activity, stress detection, herbicide testing, or mutant screening. Affordable price and straight-forward two-button operation makes the FluorPen a perfect tool for teaching photosynthesis.

PAR-FluorPen FP 110 is extended version of FluorPen FP 110, which incorporates an integrated Light Meter for direct digital readouts of Photosynthetically Active Radiation (PAR) in the range from 400 to 700 nm, the span in which plants use energy during photosynthesis. PAR is measured as Photosynthetic Photon Flux Density (PPFD), which is indicated by units of quanta (photons) per unit time per unit surface area. The sensor has a uniform response to photons within the 400 - 700 nm waveband. Instant readouts are provided as average values of 20 measurements.

Measured data are sequentially stored in the internal FluorPen memory. Data transfer to a PC is via USB or Bluetooth communication. Comprehensive FluorPen 1.1 software provides data transfer routines and many additional features for data presentation in tables and graphs.

Different leaf-clips for gentle but firm sample holding are available:

• standard leaf-clip: is suitable for experiments where short term dark adaptation is needed (version S)
• detachable leaf-clips: are suitable for experiments where long term dark adaptation is needed (version D)
• custom optical probe: is used in online FP version providing autonomous unattended measuring in lab conditions (version P)
• custom open-window leaf-clips: are suitable for measurements in ambient light (version X)

APPLICATIONS

• Photosynthesis research
• Screening & Characterization of photosynthetic mutants
• Field studies
• Stress detection
• Agriculture & forestry
• Herbicide testing
• Education

FLUORPENS MEASURE

• Ft - continuous fluorescence yield in non-actinic light. Ft is equivalent to F0 if the leaf sample is dark-adapted.
• QY - photosystem II Quantum Yield. QY is equivalent to Fv/Fm in the dark-adapted samples and to Fv'/Fm' in the light-adapted samples.
• OJIP - Chlorophyll Fluorescence Induction Kinetics. The OJIP curves enable observing major changes that occur during exposure of plants to high irradiance.
• NPQ - Non-Photochemical Quenching. The NPQ protocol is the most typically used measuring approach to quantify photochemical and nonphotochemical quenching. The measurement should be performed with a dark-adapted sample.
• Light Curve (QY) - Photosystem II Quantum Yield estimated from fluorescence that is measured sequentially in several different light levels.
• PAR - Photosynthetically Active Radiation measured as Photosynthetic Photon Flux Density (PPFD) (only in PAR-FluorPen FP 110)

SOFTWARE

• FluorPen 1.1 software (Windows 7 or higher compatible)
• Real-time and remote control functions
• Bluetooth and USB communication
• Visualization and data transfer routines to Microsoft Excel (optional)
• GPS mapping
• Versions
  In general, all versions of FluorPen/PAR-FluorPen measure the same pre-programmed fluorescence protocols and individual versions differ only in the type of sample holder used (S: standard, firmly attached blade clip; D: detachable blade clip; P: measurement probe; X: any custom sample holder).
  Each version of FluorPen/PAR-FluorPen is equipped with two communication modules (USB and Bluetooth) as well as a built-in GPS module.
  A detailed description of the individual versions of FluorPen/PAR-FluorPen is given below, with emphasis on the recommended application for each version.
  
• FluorPen FP 110/S and PAR-FluorPen FP 110/
• This version is equipped with a standard, firmly attached blade clip (see image below). It is mainly recommended for indoor experiments focusing on potted plants, which can be easily moved to a dark location for dark adaptation.
• The PAR version allows for the measurement of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) in the range of 400 to 700 nm.
  
• FluorPen FP 110/D and PAR-FluorPen FP 110/D
• This version is equipped with an optical head that allows the use of detachable leaf clamps (see image below). These clamps are designed to facilitate dark adaptation of the measured samples prior to measurement. The "D" version is highly recommended for field experiments.
• Users place the clamps on selected leaves, wait for the necessary dark adaptation time, and then measure one leaf after another (note that detachable leaf clamps may damage very small leaves, e.g. young Arabidopsis plants).
• The PAR version allows for the measurement of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) in the range from 400 to 700 nm.
  
• FluorPen FP 110/P and PAR-FluorPen FP 110/P
• This version is equipped with a measuring probe and a thread for attachment to a tripod. The measuring probe ensures non-contact sample measurement and measurement of light-adapted samples. This version is recommended for automated long-term monitoring experiments.
• The PAR version allows for the measurement of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) in the range from 400 to 700 nm.
  
• FluorPen FP 110/X and PAR-FluorPen FP 110/X
  The “X” version is mounted with a custom-made sample holder; ordering this version should be discussed with PSI staff before ordering – please contact us at info@psi.cz. This version can also be offered with an optional PAR sensor to measure photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) in the range of 400 to 700 nm.